Abstract: Aiming at the problems of small adsorption capacity, low dehydration efficiency and high energy consumption of the adsorption tower of an oilfield associated gas processing station, the dehydration tower based on the operating parameters of the original device was designed and calculated, and the isotherm adsorption equation of 4A molecular sieve was fitted. Based on the calculation results, a reduced version of the adsorption column was established in the laboratory. The COMSOL software was used to simulate the concentration cloud diagram of the adsorption column during adsorption. By changing the experimental operating parameters, the results showed that when the temperature and the absolute humidity of the gas decreased, the absolute humidity of the dry gas at the outlet of the adsorption column was significantly reduced, and the breakthrough time was prolonged. It proved that the simulation and experimental results were in good agreement. The adsorption performance of four adsorbents were compared and analyzed. After changing the type and structure of the adsorbent in the adsorption column, reducing the large-diameter water molecular clusters entering the molecular sieve, and improving the graded dehydration efficiency of the adsorption column, on the premise of outlet water dew point meets the requirements, the adsorbents cost could be saved by 9.53%, and the adsorption capacity of the adsorption column could increase by 34.1%.