Abstract: In order to solve the severe corrosion of water injection pipe networks in Heshui Oilfield, 586 water injection pipelines in service were studied using K-means clustering analysis. Zhuangyizhu, Zhuangerzhu and Zhuangsanzhu were selected as representative experimental objects of new compound inhibitor XD. Micro-morphology of steel sheet, composition and content of corrosion products were determined and analyzed to find out the corrosion reason. A kind of multi-adsorbed-sites imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt MIQAS was synthesized aiming at above problems. Then, single factor and multi-target orthogonal design experiments were employed to optimize MIQAS, PESA and BIT content. The results show that the main reasons of corrosion including oxygen absorption, acid and pitting induced by dissolved oxygen, erosive carbon dioxide and chloride. The fouling corrosion and bacterial corrosion caused by calciumion and bacteria were also damaged water injection pipe networks. Under the condition of ρ(MIQAS):ρ(PESA):ρ(BIT)=120 mg/L:65 mg/L:50 mg/L, the inhibition efficiency of average corrosion for Zhuangyizhu, Zhuangerzhu and Zhuangsanzhu achieved 98.24%, 98.63% and 99.17%, respectively. The new compound inhibitor XD has good anti-corrosion performance for water injection pipe networks.