Abstract: Polyamine, cottonseed oil and low carbonate are taken as raw material to synthesize the vegetable oil amide.The optimum synthesis conditions are:the molar ratio of the polyamine, cottonseed oil and low carbonate is 1:4:1, the reaction temperature is 168 ℃, the reaction time is 2.5 hours; Using amide synthesis products as the main raw material, NaOH and oleic acid generated sodium oleate as emulsifier, using silicone paste, kerosene and CMC-HV as additive, O/W emulsion drilling fluid lubricant was prepared by the agent-in-oil method, and the optimal proportions are as follows:vegetable oil amide sample 8 wt% +oleic acid 10 wt%+kerosene 18 wt%+silicon cream 2.5 wt%+ NaOH 7.14 wt%(NaOH solution concentration is 20 wt%) + CMC-HV 0.1 wt%+water.The performance evaluation shows that the lubricant has superior lubricating properties and the decreasing rate of drilling fluid lubrication coefficient is not lower than 80% when the amount of lubricants is 0.5 wt%, and drilling fluid rheological behavior and density are not affected.The drilling fluid lubrication coefficient is lower than 0.10 after being high temperature aging at 170 ℃ and put in 15 wt% saline mud.The lubricant shows a good performance of temperature and salt resistance.