Abstract: As an efficient zero-carbon energy source, hydrogen energy has great potential for future development. It is considered to be an important driving force for transforming new energy sources in the background of carbon neutrality. Because the hydrogen produced by the current mainstream hydrogen production method contains impurities, purification and separation technology is critical in using hydrogen energy. Pure hydrogen can be used in various industrial fields. This paper describes the impurity components contained in hydrogen-rich raw gas obtained by various hydrogen production technologies, and reviews the research status of five commonly used hydrogen purification technologies, such as pressure swing adsorption, low-temperature separation, metal hydride, membrane separation, and solvent absorption, as well as introduces the new hydrogen purification technology using a supersonic separation device. Meanwhile, this paper also analyzes the process flow, equipment, application conditions, purification effect, advantages and disadvantages of each hydrogen purification technology, and clarifies the challenges faced by each purification technology and current research hotspots. Finally, it summarizes various hydrogen purification technologies, and proposes the future development trend and research direction of hydrogen purification technology, which provides a valuable reference for obtaining optimizedly more efficient and economical hydrogen purification technology.