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国内最大单井常温提氦装置关键指标考核评估

Key indexes evaluation of the domestic largest helium extraction unit for single well with normal temperature process

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 国内最大的单井常温提氦装置采用两级膜分离耦合两级变压吸附工艺，对其运行性能的评估可为我国贫氦天然气提氦技术发展提供关键实践数据。该装置采用简易孔板流量计导致测量误差，关键指标的考核面临重大挑战。
    方法 基于氦气（He）与二氧化碳（CO2）的物料平衡，建立了：① 利用可测组分数据反推原料气流量的计算方法；② 无须流量数据的一级膜分离氦收率与一级变压吸附氦损失率计算公式。
    结果 ① 产品气组分远超设计标准：\varphi_2 （\mathrmHe） =98.50%，\varphi_2 （\mathrmH_2） =1.50%，\varphi_2 （\mathrmCH_4） =1.14×10−6，\varphi_2 （\mathrmCO_2） ＜0.10×10−6；② 关键指标优于设计值：装置氦收率为82.25%，一级膜分离氦收率为93.21%，一级变压吸附氦损失率为0.17%，二级膜分离一段氦提浓倍数为14.5。
    结论 所提出的评估方法有效解决了孔板流量计测量误差导致的考核难题，为单井提氦装置性能评价提供了可靠框架。装置运行的优异表现证实了该膜分离耦合变压吸附工艺的工业化应用可行性。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The largest helium extraction unit for a single well using a normal-temperature process in China, this unit uses process of two-stage membrane separation coupled with two-stage pressure swing adsorption. Performance evaluation of this unit can provide critical operational data for domestic helium-poor natural gas helium extraction technology development. The use of a simple orifice flowmeter poses significant challenges to the evaluation of key performance indexes.
    Method Based on the material balance of helium and carbon dioxide, this study developed: Firstly, a calculation method for estimating feed gas flow rate using measurable gas component data. Secondly, the calculation formulas of helium yield in the first-stage membrane separation and the helium loss rate in the first-stage pressure swing adsorption without flow data.
    Result Firstly, the product gas component significantly exceeded the design specifications: φ2（He）=98.50%, φ2（H2）=1.50%, φ2（CH4）=1.14×10−6, φ2（CO2）＜0.10×10−6. Secondly, the key performance indexes surpassed design expectations: the total helium yield of the unit was 82.25%, the helium yield of the first-stage membrane separation was 93.21%, and the helium loss rate of the first-stage pressure swing adsorption was 0.17%.
    Conclusion The proposed evaluation methodology effectively resolves the performance evaluation challenges caused by orifice plate flowmeter measurement errors, establishing a reliable framework for single-well helium extraction unit performance evaluation. The outstanding operational performance of the unit demonstrates the industrial application feasibility of this membrane separation coupled with pressure swing adsorption process.

     

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