一种新型多胺类甜菜碱表面活性剂的合成及二元复合驱性能评价

刘雨鑫; 田雨; 钱致颖; 郑皓轩; 卜朋军; 田勋; 周文德; 师永民

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-3426.2026.02.012

一种新型多胺类甜菜碱表面活性剂的合成及二元复合驱性能评价

Synthesis and performance evaluation of a novel polyamine betaine surfactant for binary composite flooding

摘要

摘要:
目的针对在三元复合驱中加入无机碱容易结垢造成储层堵塞问题，开发一种有机碱型表面活性剂，替代三元复合驱中的无机碱与表面活性剂，与聚合物形成新型二元复合驱。
方法以N−牛脂基三胺、N,N−二甲氨基甲基丙烯酸乙酯、3−氯−2−羟基丙磺酸钠为原料，制备了一种新型多胺类甜菜碱表面活性剂（TDMS）。对产物进行红外、核磁结构表征，并与月桂酰胺丙基羟磺基甜菜碱（lauryl Amidopropyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine, LHSB）、LHSB与不同有机碱形成的复配体系进行了性能对比；对TDMS进行耐温、耐盐、Zeta电位性能评价，最终将TDMS与部分水解聚丙烯酰胺（hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, HPAM）复配形成二元复合驱油体系，并对该体系的驱油性能做了评价。
结果该多胺类有机碱表面活性剂临界胶束浓度为4.78×10⁻⁶ mol/L，γ_cmc为33.55 mN/m，可将油水界面张力降至0.016 mN/m，与原油形成的乳状液稳定性较强，80 min后的析水率为40%，可使油湿性岩石接触角降至41.1°，具有良好的耐温耐盐性能，用0.3% （w）TDMS+0.15%（w） HPAM形成的新型有机碱二元复合驱油体系具有良好的驱油性能，在水驱的基础上提高原油采收率25.7%。
结论该表面活性剂具有良好的乳化性、润湿性，能降低油水界面张力和更低的临界胶束浓度。其在聚表二元复合驱中可有效提高采收率，为传统三元复合驱提供新思路。

Abstract:
Objective Aiming at the problem that adding inorganic alkali in ternary composite flooding (ASP) is easy to scale and cause reservoir plugging, this paper develops a kind of organic-alkali-type surfactant, which replaces inorganic alkali and surfactant in ASP and forms a new type of binary composite flooding with polymer.
Method A novel polyamine betaine surfactant TDMS was prepared by using N-tallow triamine, N,N-dimethylaminomethacrylic acid ethyl ester, and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid sodium as raw materials, and the product was characterized by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), and its performance was compared with that of lauramidopropyl hydroxysulfo betaine (LHSB), and the complex systems formed by LHSB and different organic bases, and the performance of this system was finally evaluated. TDMS was evaluated for temperature resistance, salt resistance, and Zeta potential performance. Finally, the amine betaine surfactant (TDMS) was compounded with partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) to form a binary composite oil displacement system, and the oil displacement performance of this system was evaluated.
Result The critical micelle concentration of this polyamine organic alkali surfactant is 4.78×10⁻⁶ mol/L, and γ_cmc is 33.55 mN/m, which can reduce the interfacial tension between oil and water to 0.016 mN/m, and the stability of the emulsion formed with the crude oil is strong, and the water separation rate after 80 min is 40%, and the contact angle of oil-wetted rock can be reduced to 41.1°, and it has excellent temperature and salt resistance. The new organic alkali poly-surface binary composite oil displacement system, composed of 0.3% TDMS + 0.15% HPAM, exhibits good oil displacement performance, and can improve crude oil recovery by 25.7% on the basis of water flooding.
Conclusion Compared with LHSB, this surfactant has good emulsification, wettability, reduced oil-water interfacial tension and lower critical micelle concentration. It can effectively improve the recovery rate in polymer-surfactant binary composite flooding and provide new ideas for traditional ternary composite flooding.

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