| 摘要: |
| 针对油品加氢小试、中试评价试验时反应器压差异常升高高频次出现而严重影响评价试验的进度、安全性和评价结果这一现象，进行原因分析。结果表明：反应器顶部的催化剂床层充满泥状物，压差更高时反应器顶部的催化剂已结块，是高频次出现反应器压差异常升高的直接原因；对泥状物和原料油进行X-射线荧光光谱仪（XRF）元素分析和等离子体光谱仪（ICP-OES）元素定量分析，均显示有大量的Zn和Fe等杂质元素，进一步分析后获知，使用常见的200L镀锌铁桶贮存的直馏煤柴油馏分所受污染较为严重，尤其是酸值高、运动黏度低的环烷基直馏柴油馏分，在极短时间内Zn含量已超过100μg/g，此为反应器压差异常升高高频次出现的根本原因。建议：对于不同酸值和运动黏度的馏分油，在取样时应选用合适的贮存容器；对于受污染的油品，应及时更换贮存容器并在评价试验时设置经过独立反应器的加氢保护段和脱金属段。同时，也再次提醒要特别重视含酸原油及直馏石油馏分在石油加工过程中的腐蚀防护，尤其是环烷基高酸轻质石油馏分。 |
| 关键词: 加氢试验装置 反应器压差 异常升高 高频次 原因分析 对策 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| Cause analysis and countermeasure for high frequency to abnormal rise of reactor pressure difference in hydrogenation pilot plant |
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Han Longnian
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CNOOC Institute of Chemicals and Advanced Materials
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| Abstract: |
| In view of the phenomenon that the high frequency to abnormal rise of reactor pressure difference during the pilot and pilot-plant hydrogenation evaluation tests seriously affected the progress, safety and evaluation results, the cause analysis was conducted. The results showed that the catalyst bed at the top of the reactor was full of mud, and the catalyst at the top of the reactor was agglomerated when the pressure difference was higher, which was the direct cause of the high frequency to abnormal rise of reactor pressure difference. The semi-quantitative analysis of elements for mud by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) and quantitative analysis of elements by plasma spectrometer (ICP-OES) for raw oil respectively showed that there were a large amount of impurity elements such as Zn and Fe. Further analysis showed that the pollution of straight-run kerosene or diesel stored in the common 200L galvanized iron barrel was more serious, especially for the naphthenic straight-run diesel with high acid value and low viscosity, and the Zn content in straight-run diesel exceeded 100μg/g in a very short period, which was the fundamental reason for the high frequency to abnormal rise of reactor pressure difference. The proposal was put forward: Appropriate sampling containers should be selected for distillates with different acid value and viscosity; The storage container should be replaced in time and the protection section, demetal section in a independent reactor should be set for raw oil affected by corrosion during the evaluation test. At the same time, it is again reminded that special attention should be paid to the corrosion protection of sour crude oil and straight-run petroleum distillate in the petroleum processing, especially naphthenic high-acid light petroleum distillate. |
| Key words: hydrogenation pilot plant reactor pressure difference abnormal rise high frequency cause analysis countermeasures |
