Abstract: Heat-resistant and salt-tolerant acrylamide copolymer is one of the hotspots in the current research, which is formed of acrylamide as main monomer, added the monomer with properties of heat-resistant and salt-tolerant. This article introduces the heat-resistant and salt-tolerance mechanism of function monomer, polymerization method, and the choice of initiator. Through the recent research status of heat-resistant and salt-tolerant acrylamide based copolymers at home and abroad, adding adequate function monomer is the most effective way to improve the heat-resistant and salt-tolerance of polyacrylamide. And selecting the appropriate polymerization method and initiator could obversly influence the molecular weight and performance of copolymer.